Definition
IPsec, or Internet Protocol Security, is a suite of protocols used to secure internet protocol communications. It operates at the network layer to authenticate and encrypt each IP packet of a communication session. IPsec works by establishing a secure tunnel between two points, ensuring data integrity, confidentiality, and origin authentication. This is crucial for protecting sensitive information transmitted across public networks, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Unlike TLS which secures application layer data, IPsec secures entire IP communications. You will encounter IPsec concepts on CompTIA Security+, CySA+, and CISSP exams.