Definition
Segment Routing is a network architecture that simplifies traffic engineering by embedding routing information directly into packet headers. It achieves this by defining a list of ordered segments, which are essentially instructions for how a packet should traverse the network. This approach allows for more flexible and efficient path computation, enabling network operators to steer traffic precisely where it needs to go. Segment Routing decouples the control plane from the data plane, making the network more programmable and scalable. For instance, it can be used to create specific paths for latency sensitive applications, ensuring they avoid congested routes. Unlike traditional MPLS Traffic Engineering, Segment Routing does not require complex protocols like LDP or RSVP, reducing overhead and simplifying operations. This concept is relevant for network engineering certifications such as CCNA and advanced security certifications like CISSP.