Definition
TLS Transport Layer Security is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It establishes an encrypted link between a server and a client, ensuring that all data exchanged between them remains private and integral. TLS works by using asymmetric cryptography to authenticate the server and exchange symmetric encryption keys, which are then used for the actual data transfer. This protocol is crucial for protecting sensitive information like login credentials and financial details from interception and manipulation. For instance, when you visit a website with HTTPS, TLS is actively encrypting your connection, preventing eavesdropping. It is often confused with SSL Secure Sockets Layer, its predecessor, though TLS is the modern, more secure standard. You will encounter TLS extensively in cybersecurity certifications such as CompTIA Security+ and CISSP, as well as in network architecture discussions.